Surfer Beach wetland restoration, Golden Gate National Recreation Area, California

The surfer beach wetland occurs on a hillslope just west of the historic Fort Cronkite military base in Golden Gate National Recreation Area.  This site is within view of San Francisco.  The wetland is fed by a number of springs discharging from fractures in the hillslope bedrock.  The wetland is naturally a sheet flow supported perennially wet meadow dominated by Scirpus microcarpus and other species.  The area was first developed for dairy farming and evidence of buildings and roads and agricultural activity are abundant.  The ranch road and culverts created drains and ditches that eroded upstream draining part of the wetland.  In the early 20th century the area became a military base to protect San Francisco bay from invasion.  The wetland was further modified into a parade ground, and the drainage was passed under the ground in culverts.  The area is now managed by NPS and the project goal is to restore the hydrologic and ecological functioning of the site.  Our efforts have focused on a historical analysis of human modifications to the site, extensive soil and hydrologic and vegetation analyses, as well as topographic analyses to allow us to develop a grading plan.  The earthwork was completed in 2013, filling eroded gully’s, removing culverts and a concrete headwall, filling ditches, and grading the site to facilitate the formation of  a sheet flow hydrologic system.  This project is a cooperative program involving myself and Evan Wolf through CSU, Darren Fong of GGNRA, and Joel Wagner of the NPS Water Resources Division.