{"id":32,"date":"2017-04-14T16:02:59","date_gmt":"2017-04-14T16:02:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.warnercnr.colostate.edu\/georgewittemyer\/?page_id=32"},"modified":"2018-09-09T18:51:44","modified_gmt":"2018-09-09T18:51:44","slug":"publications","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.warnercnr.colostate.edu\/georgewittemyer\/publications\/","title":{"rendered":"Publications"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]2018<\/strong><\/p>\n

Goldenberg, S. Z., <\/em>Douglas-Hamilton, I., Wittemyer, G. 2018.<\/em> Inter-generational change in African elephant range use is associated with poaching, primary productivity, and social disruption<\/a>. Proc. Roc. Soc. B <\/em>285<\/strong>: 20180286<\/p>\n

Bastille-Rousseau, G.,<\/em> Wall, J., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Wittemyer, G. 2018. Optimizing the positioning of wildlife crossing structures using GPS telemetr<\/a>y. Journal of Applied Ecology <\/em>55<\/strong>:2055-2063.<\/p>\n

Bastille-Rousseau, G.,<\/em> Douglas-Hamilton, I., Blake, S., Northrup, J.M.<\/em>, Wittemyer, G. 2018. Applying network theory to animal movements to identify properties of landscape space use.<\/a> Ecological Applications <\/em>28<\/strong>:854-864.<\/p>\n

Sampson, C., McEvoy, J., Chit, A.M., Chan, A.N., David, T., Soe, P., Songer, M., Williams, C., WITTEMYER, G., Leimgruber, P. 2018. New Elephant Crisis in Asia\u2014Early Warning Signs from Myanmar.<\/a> PLoS One <\/em>13:e0194113<\/p>\n

Turkalo, A.K., Wrege, P., and WITTEMYER, G. 2018. <\/em>Demography of a Forest Elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis<\/em>) population<\/a>. PLoS One <\/em>13:e0192777<\/p>\n

Tucker, M.A., Boehing-Gaese, K., Fagan, W.F. et al. 2018. Moving in the Anthropocene: Global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements<\/a>. Science <\/em>359:466-469.<\/p>\n

Lendrum, P.E., Anderson, C. R., Northrup, J. M., Liston, G.E., Aldridge, C.L., Crooks, K.R., and WITTEMYER, G. 2018.<\/em> Distinguishing the influence of prey distribution from environmental characteristics and anthropogenic disturbance on predation risk. Landscape Ecology <\/em>33:157-170.<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Berger, J., Crooks, K.C., Noon, B., Pejchar, L., Reed, S. and Savidge, J. 2018. To advocate or not is no longer the questions: Paths to enhance scientific engagement<\/a>. Bioscience <\/em>68:13-14.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2017<\/strong><\/p>\n

Goldenberg, S. Z., WITTEMYER, G. 2017. Relatives and young calves drive social integration for orphaned female elephants<\/a>. Scientific Reports 7:14408.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>Lendrum, P.E., Crooks, K.R., and WITTEMYER, G. 2017.<\/em> Changes in circadian activity patterns of a wildlife community post high-intensity energy development.<\/a> Journal of Mammology <\/em>98:1265-1271.<\/p>\n

Keyel, A.C., Reed, S.E., McKenna, M., WITTEMYER, G. 2017.<\/em> Modeling anthropogenic noise propagation using the Sound Mapping Tools ArcGIS toolbox<\/a>. Environmental Monitoring Software <\/em>97:56-60<\/p>\n

Goldenberg, S. Z., <\/em>Douglas-Hamilton, I., Daballen, D., WITTEMYER, G. 2017.<\/em> Challenges of using behavior to monitor anthropogenic impacts on wildlife: a case study on illegal killing of African elephants<\/a>. Animal Conservation <\/em>20:215-224<\/p>\n

Buxton, R.T., McKenna, M.F., Mennit, D., Fristrup, K.M., Crooks, K.R., Angeloni, L.M., and WITTEMYER, G. 2017. Noise pollution is pervasive in U.S. protected areas<\/a>. Science<\/em> 356:531-533.<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Keating, L.M., Vollrath, F., Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2017. <\/em>Graph theory illustrates spatial and temporal features that structure elephant rest locations<\/a>. Ecography <\/em>40:598-605.<\/p>\n

Turkalo, A.K., Wrege, P., and WITTEMYER, G. 2017. <\/em>Slow intrinsic growth rate in Forest Elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis<\/em>) indicates recovery from poaching will require decades.<\/a> Journal of Applied Ecology <\/em>54:153-159.<\/p>\n

de Silva, S., Schmid, V.S., WITTEMYER, G. 2017. Fission-fusion processes weaken dominance networks of female Asian elephants in a productive habitat. <\/a>Behavioral Ecology <\/em>28:243-252.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2016<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G. 2016. Illegal wildlife trade: Look to the elephants.<\/a> Science<\/em> 353:1507.<\/p>\n

Northrup, J. M., Anderson, C. R., Hooten, M., WITTEMYER, G. 2016. <\/em>Movement reveals scale-dependence in habitat selection of a large ungulate.<\/a> Ecological Applications <\/em>26:2744-2755.<\/p>\n

Shannon, G., McKenna, M. F., Angeloni, L.M., Lynch, E., Warner, K.A., Nelson, M.D., Leumas, C., Briggs, J., McFarland, S., Crooks, K.R., Fristrup, K.M., and WITTEMYER, G. \u00a02016. A synthesis of two decades of research documenting the effects of noise on wildlife.<\/a> Biological Reviews <\/em>91:982-1005.<\/p>\n

Shannon, G., Crooks, K.R., WITTEMYER, G., Fristrup, K.M., and Angeloni, L.M. 2016. Road noise causes earlier predator detection and flight detection in a free-ranging mammal.<\/a> Behavioral Ecology <\/em>27:1370-1375.<\/p>\n

Stabach, J.A., WITTEMYER, G., Boone, R.B., Reid, R.S., Worden, J.S. 2016. Variation in habitat selection across three populations of resident white-bearded wildebeest.<\/a> Ecosphere <\/em>7:e01428.<\/p>\n

Goldenberg, S. Z., <\/em>Odour, S., Kinnaird, M.F., Daballen, D., Douglas-Hamilton, I., WITTEMYER, G. 2016.<\/em> Evidence of strong spatial segregation between elephant subpopulations in the contiguous Laikipia-Samburu ecosystem in Kenya. <\/a>African Journal of Ecology<\/em> 54:261-264<\/p>\n

Northrup, J. M., Anderson, C. R., WITTEMYER, G. 2016. <\/em>Environmental dynamics and anthropogenic landscape change alter philopatry and range size in a North American cervid.<\/a> Diversity and Distributions<\/em> 22:547-557<\/p>\n

Schafer, A. B., Northrup, J. M., Wilkelski, M., WITTEMYER, G., Wolf, J.B. 2016. Forecasting ecological genomics: high-tech animal instrumentation meets high-throughput sequencing. <\/a>PLoS Biology <\/em>14:e1002350<\/p>\n

Goldenberg, S. Z., <\/em>Douglas-Hamilton, I., WITTEMYER, G. 2016.<\/em> Vertical transmission of social roles drives resilience to poaching in elephant networks. <\/a>Current Biology<\/em> 26:75-79<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

Northrup, J. M., Anderson, C. R., WITTEMYER, G. 2015. <\/em>Quantifying spatial habitat loss caused by hydrocarbon development through assessing habitat selection patterns of mule deer. Global Change Biology <\/em>21:3961-3970.<\/p>\n

Ihwagi, F.W., Wang, T., WITTEMYER, G., Skidmore, A.K., Toxopeus, A.G., Ngene, S., Worden, J., King, J., Omondi, P., Douglas-Hamilton, I.\u00a0 2015. Using elephant distribution and poaching levels to assess the conservation efficacy of private, communal and government land in northern Kenya. PLoS One<\/em> 10:e0139079<\/p>\n

Durant, S.M., Becker, M.S., Creel, S., Bashir, S., Dickman, A.J., Beudels-Jamar, R.C., Lichtenfeld, L., Hilborn, R., Wall, J., WITTEMYER, G., Badamjav L., Blake, S., Boitani, L., Breitenmoser, C., Broekhuis, F., Christianson, D., Cozzi, G., Davenport, T.R.B., Deutsch, J., Devillers, P., Dollar, L., Dolrenry, S., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Dr\u00f6ge, E., FitzHerbert, E., Foley, C., Hazzah, L., Hopcraft, J.G.C., Ikanda, D., Jacobson, A., Joubert, D., Kelly, M.J., Milanzi, J., Mitchell, N., M\u2019Soka, J., Msuha, M., Mweetwa, T., Nyahongo, J., Rosenblatt, E., Schuette, P., Sillero-Zubiri, C., Sinclair, A.R.E., Stanley-Price, M. R., Zimmermann, A., Pettorelli, N. 2015. Developing fencing policies for dryland ecosystems. Journal of Applied Ecology<\/em> 52:544-551<\/p>\n

Polanksy, L.,<\/em> Kilian, W., WITTEMYER, G. 2015. Elucidating the significance of spatial memory on movement decisions by African elephants using state-space models. Proceedings of the Royal Society:B <\/em>282:20143042<\/p>\n

Lynch, E.; Northrup, J. M.; McKenna, M. F.; Anderson, C. R.; Angeloni, L.; WITTEMYER, G.\u00a0 2015. <\/em>Landscape and anthropogenic features influence the use of auditory vigilance by mule deer. Behavioral Ecology <\/em>26:75-82<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2014<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Northrup, J.M., Blanc, J., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Omondi, P., and Burnham, K. 2014. <\/em>Illegal killing for ivory drives global decline in African elephants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em> 111:13117-13121<\/p>\n

Metsio Sienne, J., Buchwald, R., WITTEMYER, G. 2014. Plant mineral concentrations related to foraging preferences of Western lowland gorilla in Central African forest clearings. American Journal of Primatology <\/em>76:1115-1126<\/p>\n

Northrup, J. M., Shafer, A.B.,\u00a0 Anderson, C. R., Coltman, D.W., WITTEMYER, G. 2014.<\/em> Fine-scale genetic correlates to condition and migration in a wild Cervid. Evolutionary Applications<\/em> 7(8):937-948<\/p>\n

Goldenberg, S.Z., de Silva, S., Rasmussen, H.B., Douglas-Hamilton, I., and WITTEMYER, G. 2014. <\/em>Dynamic states and social properties among male African elephants, Loxodonta africana<\/em>. Animal Behaviour <\/em>95:111-119<\/p>\n

Wall, J., WITTEMYER, G., LeMay, V., Douglas-Hamilton, I., and Klinkenberg, B. 2014. <\/em>Elliptical time-density model to estimate animal utilization distributions. Methods in Ecology and Evolution<\/em> 5:780-790<\/p>\n

Shannon, G., Angeloni, L.M., WITTEMYER, G., Fristrup, K.M., and Crooks, K.R. 2014. Road traffic noise modifies behaviour of a keystone species. Animal Behaviour<\/em> 94:135-141<\/p>\n

Northrup, J. M., Anderson, C. R., WITTEMYER, G. 2014.<\/em> Effects of capture and handling on movement behavior of mule deer. Journal of Wildlife Management <\/em>78:731-738<\/p>\n

Wall, J., WITTEMYER, G., Klinkenberg, B., and Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2014. <\/em>Novel opportunities for wildlife conservation and management using real-time monitoring. Ecological Applications<\/em> 24:593-601<\/p>\n

Chiyo, P.I., Grieneisen, L.E., WITTEMYER, G., Moss, C.J., Lee, P.C., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Archie, E.A. 2014. The influence of social structure, habitat, and host traits on the transmission of Escherichia coli<\/em> in wild elephants. PLoS One<\/em> e93408<\/p>\n

Noa Pinter-Wollman, N., Hobson, <\/sup>E. A., Smith, J. E., Edelman, A. J., Shizuka, D., Waters, J. S., de Silva, S., Prager, S. D., Sasaki, T., WITTEMYER, G., Fewell, J., McDonald, D. B. 2014. The dynamics of network dynamics. Behavioral Ecology<\/em> 25:260-261<\/p>\n

Noa Pinter-Wollman, N., Hobson, <\/sup>E. A., Smith, J. E., Edelman, A. J., Shizuka, D., Waters, J. S., de Silva, S., Prager, S. D., Sasaki, T., WITTEMYER, G., Fewell, J., McDonald, D. B. 2014. The dynamics of animal social networks: analytical, conceptual, and theoretical advances. Behavioral Ecology<\/em>\u00a0 25:242-255<\/p>\n

Sienne, J.M., Buchwald, R., WITTEMYER, G. 2014. Differentiation in mineral constituents in water and soil resources across Central African bais (forest clearings). European Journal of Wildlife Research<\/em> 60:377-382\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Gessner, J., Buchwald, R., WITTEMYER, G. 2014. Assessing species occurrence and species specific use patterns of bais in Central Africa with camera traps. African Journal of Ecology <\/em>52:59-68.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2013<\/strong><\/p>\n

Turkalo, A.K., Wrege, P., and WITTEMYER, G. 2013. <\/em>Long term monitoring of the Dzanga bai forest elephants: Population description and bai use patterns. PLoS One <\/em>8(12):e85154<\/p>\n

de Silva, S., Webber C.E., Weerathunga, U.S., Pushpakumara, T.V., Tharanga, J.S., Weerakoon, D., WITTEMYER, G. 2013. <\/em>Demographic variables for wild Asian elephants using longitudinal observations. PLoS One <\/em>8(12):e82788<\/p>\n

Polansky L., Douglas-Hamilton, I., WITTEMYER, G. 2013. Using diel movement behavior to infer foraging strategies related to ecological and social factors in elephants. Movement Ecology <\/em>1:13<\/p>\n

Creel, S., Becker, M. S., Durant, S. M., M’Soka, J., Matandiko, W., Dickman, A. J., Christianson, D., Droge, E., Mweetwa, T., Pettorelli, N., Rosenblatt, E., Schuette, P., Woodroffe, R., Bashir, S., Beudels-Jamar, R. C., Blake, S., Borner, M., Breitenmoser, C., Broekhuis, F., Cozzi, G., Davenport, T. R. B., Deutsch, J., Dollar, L., Dolrenry, S., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Fitzherbert, E., Foley, C., Hazzah, L., Henschel, P., Hilborn, R., Hopcraft, J. G. C., Ikanda, D., Jacobson, A., Joubert, B., Joubert, D., Kelly, M. S., Lichtenfeld, L., Mace, G. M., Milanzi, J., Mitchell, N., Msuha, M., Muir, R., Nyahongo, J., Pimm, S., Purchase, G., Schenck, C., Sillero-Zubiri, C., Sinclair, A. R. E., Songorwa, A. N., Stanley-Price, M., Tehou, C. A., Trout, C., Wall, J., WITTEMYER, G., Zimmermann, A. 2013. Conserving large populations of lions \u2013 the argument for fences has holes. Ecology Letters<\/em> 16:1413-e3<\/p>\n

Uno, K., Quade, J. Fisher, D.C., WITTEMYER, G., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Adanje, S., Omondi, P., Litoroh, M., Cerling, T.E. 2013. Bomb-curve radiocarbon measurements of recent biologic tissues and applications to stable isotope ecology and paleoecology, and to wildlife forensics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences <\/em>110(29):11736-11741<\/p>\n

Lynch, E., Angeloni, L., Fristrup, K., Joyce, D., WITTEMYER, G.\u00a0 2013. <\/em>The use of on-animal acoustical recording devices for studying animal behaviour. Ecology and Evolution<\/em> 3(7):2030-2037<\/p>\n

Northrup, J. M., Hooten, M. B., Anderson, C. R., WITTEMYER, G. 2013. <\/em>Practical guidance on availability sampling for resource selection functions. Ecology<\/em> 94(7):1456-1463<\/p>\n

Maisels, F., Strindberg, S., Blake, S., WITTEMYER, G., Hart, J., Williamson, E., Aba’a, R., Abitsi, G., Ambahe, R., Amsini, F., Bakabana, P., Hicks, C., Bayogo, R., Bechem, M., Beyers, R., Bezangoye, A., Bonyenge, A., Boudjan, P., Bout, N., Akou, M.E., Bene Bene, L., Fosso, B., Greengrass,E.,\u00a0 Grossmann, F., Ikamba-Nkulu, C., Ilambu, O., Inogwabini, B., Iyenguet, F., Kiminou, F., Kokangoye, M., Kujirakwinja, D., Latour, S., Liengola, I., Mackaya, Q., Madidi, J., Madzoke, B., Makoumbou, C., Malanda, G., Malonga, R., Mbani, O., Mbendzo, V., Mbenkira, M., Ambassa, E., \u00a0Ekinde, A., Mboh, H., Mihindou, Y., Morgan, B., Motsaba, P., Moukala, G., Mounguengui, A., Mowawa, B., Ndzai, C., Nixon, S., Nkumu, P., Nzolani, F., Plumptre, A., Rainey, H., de Semoboli, B., Serckx, A., Stokes, E., Turkalo, A., Vanleeuwe, H., Vosper , A., Warren, Y., 2013<\/em>. Devastating decline of forest elephants in Central Africa. \u00a0PLoS One <\/em>Devastating decline of forest elephants in Central Africa. \u00a0PLoS One<\/em> 8(3): e59469<\/p>\n

Wall, J., WITTEMYER, G., Klinkenberg, B. LeMay, V., and Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2013. <\/em>Characterizing properties and drivers of long distance movements by elephants (Loxodonta africana<\/em>) in the Gourma, Mali. Biological Conservation <\/em>157:60-68<\/p>\n

Northrup, J.M. and WITTEMYER, G. 2013. Characterizing the impacts of emerging energy development on wildlife, with an eye towards mitigation. Ecology Letters<\/em> 16:112-125<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Daballen, D., and Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2013<\/em>. Comparative demography of an at risk African elephant population. PLoS One <\/em>8(1):e53726<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

2012<\/strong><\/p>\n

de Silva, S., & WITTEMYER, G. 2012. A Comparison of Social Organization in Asian Elephants and African Savannah Elephants. International Journal of Primatology<\/em> DOI: 10.1007\/s10764-011-9564-1<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2011<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Daballen, D., and Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2011. Rising ivory prices threaten elephants. Nature<\/em> 476:282-283.<\/p>\n

Bouch\u00e9, P., Douglas-Hamilton, I., WITTEMYER, G., Nianogo, A.J., Doucet, J., Lejeune, P., and Vermeulen, C. 2011. Will elephants soon disappear from West African savannahs? PLoS One<\/em> 6:e20619<\/p>\n

Boetiger, A.*, WITTEMYER, G.*, Starfield, R., Volrath, F., Douglas-Hamilton, I., and Getz, W.M.. 2011. Inferring ecological and behavioral drivers of African elephant movement using a linear filtering approach. Ecology<\/em> 92:1648-1657.<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G. 2011. Effects of economic downturns on mortality of wild African elephants. Conservation Biology <\/em>25:1002-1009.<\/p>\n

Polansky, L.* and WITTEMYER, G.* 2011.<\/em> A framework for understanding the architecture of collective movements using pair-wise analyses of animal movement data. Journal of the Royal Society Interface <\/em>8:323-333.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2010<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kahindi, O., WITTEMYER, G., King, J., Ihwagi, F., Omondi, P., & Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2010.<\/em> Employing participatory surveys to monitor the illegal killing of elephants across diverse land uses in Laikipia-Samburu, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology<\/em> 48:972-983.<\/p>\n

Polansky, L., WITTEMYER, G., Cross, P.C., Tambling, C.J. & Getz, W.M. 2010.<\/em> Fourier and wavelet analyses applied to animal movement time series. Ecology <\/em>91:1506-1518.<\/p>\n

Wasser, S., et al. 2010. Elephants, Ivory, and Trade. Science<\/em> 327:1331-1332<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2009<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Cerling, T.E., & Douglas-Hamilton I. 2009.<\/em> Establishing longitudinal diet chronologies from isotopic profiles in serially collected hairs. Chemical Geology <\/em>267:3-11<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Okello, J.B.A., Rasmussen, H.B., Arctander, P., Nyakaana, S., Douglas-Hamilton, I., & Siegismund, H. 2009.<\/em> Where sociality and relatedness diverge: the genetic basis for hierarchical social structure in African elephants. Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences<\/em> 276:3513-3521<\/p>\n

Cerling, T.E., WITTEMYER, G., Ehleringer, J.R., Remien, C.H., Douglas-Hamilton I. 2009. History of Animals using Isotope Records (HAIR): A 6-year dietary history of one family of African elephants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em> 106:8093-8100<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2008<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Polansky, L., Douglas-Hamilton, I. and Getz, W.M. 2008. Disentangling the effects of forage, social rank and risk on movement autocorrelation of elephants using Fourier and wavelet analysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em> 105:19108-19113<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G.*, Elsen, P., Bean, W.T., Burton, A.C.O. and Brashares, J.S.*. \u00a02008. Accelerated human population growth at protected area edges. Science <\/em>321:123-126.<\/p>\n

Okello, J.B.A.*, WITTEMYER, G.*, Rasmussen, H.B., Arctander, P., Nyakaana, S., Douglas-Hamilton, I., & Siegismund, H. 2008. Effective population size dynamics reveal impacts of historic climatic events and recent anthropogenic pressure in African elephants. Molecular Ecology<\/em> 17:3788-3799<\/p>\n

Okello, J.B.A., Masembe, C., Rasmussen, H.B., WITTEMYER, G., Omondi, P., Kahindi, O., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Arctander, P., Nyakaana, S., & Siegismund, H. 2008. Population genetic structure of elephants in Kenya. Journal of Heredity<\/em> 99:443-452<\/p>\n

Rasmussen, H.B., Okello, J.B.A., WITTEMYER, G., Siegismund, H., Vollrath, F., & Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2008<\/em>. Age and tactic related paternity success in male African elephants. Behavioral Ecology<\/em> 19: 9-15<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2007<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Getz, W.M., Vollrath, F. & Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2007. Social dominance, seasonal movements, and spatial segregation in the African elephant: A contribution to conservation behavior. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology <\/em>61:1919-1931<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G. and Getz, W.M. 2007. Hierarchical dominance and social structure in African elephants (Loxodonta africana<\/em>). \u00a0Animal Behaviour<\/em> 73:671-681<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Ganswindt, A., and Hodges, K. 2007. The impact of ecological variability on the reproductive endocrinology of wild female African elephants. Hormones and Behavior<\/em> 51:346-354<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G.*, Rasmussen, H. B.*, & Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2007. Breeding phenology in relation to NDVI variability in free-ranging African elephant. Ecography<\/em> 30:42-50<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2006<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G. and Getz, W.M. 2006. A Likely Ranking Interpolation for Resolving Dominance Orders in Systems with Unknown Relationships. Behaviour<\/em> 143:909-930<\/p>\n

Cerling, T.E., WITTEMYER, G., Rasmussen, H., Vollrath, F., Cerling, C.E., Robinson, T.J. & Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2006. Stable isotopes in elephant hair documents migration patterns and diet changes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em> 103:371-373<\/p>\n

Rasmussen, H. B.*, WITTEMYER, G.*, & Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2006. Predicting time-specific changes in demographic processes using remote-sensing data. Journal of Applied Ecology<\/em> 43:366-376<\/p>\n

Douglas-Hamilton, I., Bhalla, S., WITTEMYER, G., & Vollrath, F. 2006. Behavioural reactions of elephants towards a dying and deceased matriarch.\u00a0 Applied Animal Behaviour Science<\/em> 100:87-102<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2005<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Douglas-Hamilton, I., & Getz, W.M. 2005. The socio-ecology of\u00a0\u00a0 elephants: Analysis of the processes creating multileveled societies. Animal Behaviour<\/em> 69:1357-1371<\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G., Daballen, D., Rasmussen, H., Kahindi, O., Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2005. Demographic status of elephants in the Samburu and Buffalo Springs National Reserves, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology<\/em> 43:44-47<\/p>\n

Okello, J.B.A., WITTEMYER, G., Rasmussen, H.B., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Nyakaana, S., Arctander, P., & Siegismund, H. 2005. Noninvasive microsatellite genotyping and Mendelian inheritance in African savanna elephants. Journal of<\/em> Heredity<\/em> 96:679-687<\/p>\n

Rasmussen, H. B., WITTEMYER, G., & Douglas-Hamilton, I. 2005. Estimating age of immobilized elephants from teeth impressions using dental silicon. African Journal of Ecology<\/em> 43:215-219<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2002<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rasmussen, L.E.L. & WITTEMYER, G. 2002.\u00a0 Chemosignaling of musth by individual wild African elephants, (Loxodonta africana<\/em>): implications for conservation and management. Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences<\/em> 269:853-860<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

2001<\/strong><\/p>\n

WITTEMYER, G. 2001.\u00a0 The elephant population of Samburu and Buffalo Springs National Reserves, Kenya.\u00a0 African Journal of Ecology<\/em> 39:357-365[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]2018 Goldenberg, S. Z., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Wittemyer, G. 2018. Inter-generational change in African elephant range use is associated with poaching, primary productivity, and social disruption. Proc. Roc. Soc. B 285: 20180286 Bastille-Rousseau, G., Wall, J., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Wittemyer, G. 2018. Optimizing the positioning of wildlife crossing structures using GPS telemetry. Journal of Applied Ecology 55:2055-2063. … <\/p>\n

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